Valve lifting and timing device for internal combustion engines



F. W. MARXEN July 28. 1931.

VALVE LIFTING AND TIIING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed May 11, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l Q 17 ssed v g gy tisflaorwzeys F. W. MARXEN Jul 28, 1931.

VALVE LIFTING AND TIMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed May 11, 1928, 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ImenEm' Patented e as, 1931 PATENT enr ch risen, wfiannxnnfor nois z usnenn; MInnEso'rA, 'essle von or onnssrxrrr To one? onvinnn ne'r'rson Ann o zngsix r r,

M ME B L smmiee e LVE emme AND, imes ice Applicatien filed May '11,

This'invention. relates to improvements in internal combustion engines andpa-rticularly to'improv'einents in the valve control mechanism-therefor; 1 x

t is the object ofthis invention to provide new and improved valve timing and lifting. mechanism for internal combustion engines tofsimplify the. construction thereof. and to eheapenthe.manufacturethereof. "Tothese ends the invention consistslni the- I novel parts and novel: coinbinations oif parts, hereinafter: defined? 1n the cla ms and descrihedrin the'foll'owing specification, inade in vconnection with the accompanying draw 1 ings, wherein. like referencev characters refer toth'e same or similar 'parts throughout the various views and, in which,

EigJlisaplan View illustratin an internal combustion e'nginewith the lIlVQIflZlQIl appl ed thereto Y Fig. Zis a-view inside elevation of; the

engine illustrated in Fig. l,'cer tain of the parts being tlon;

hroken away and-1 shown sec- Fi eis an illustrative view showingthe position of the crank shaft-,pistons and valves when the. parts ot thei'e'ngine. are as shown inlligs. 1 and Shanda" V :Fig. i is an illustrative View showing. the

manner iniwhich 'a cam disk of the invention:

mayibe'laid'ont.

- Referring to .thedrawings, 1a,-fo ur cylinder four cycle engineA of the internal COmbHS tion tyne isillustrated, the cylinders of which fronile'fit torighhas-viewed: in thedrawings,

are numbered '1', 2, f-l and 41., Theengine in-- chides the crank shatt 5, connecting-rods 6,

, trated'ashein I,

and each cylinder is provided. with anc intake pistons 7, intake manifold; 8-, exhaust manifoldj9 and vs veca-gesl10; f Theenglne 1s illusarevicledwithoilerheadvalves.

valve 11 and an: exhaustvalve; 12 adapted to seat within the valve cages 10. Th-e valves 11 and were ofcoininon construction and carry,

7 surroundingtheir valve stenis and" reacting between the top of; the valvelcages 10 a nd' washerslr 'atthe upperlend'ofthe valve stems, the, coiledsprings 1 4% which are normally adapted ted hold: the valves closed and seated i against. theflvalvefseats in: the. valve cages 10.

rqn'ennnr B. vsnnnon, Bonner For, ii rnn nn COMBUSTION, nnerlms 1e28, Serial no, 276,998.

The c nders of the engine illustrated have a firing order of 1, 4, 2, 3, as illustrated by thepositions of the'various pistons 7 andthe formation of the crank shaft. 5 in Fig. 3 of the drawings. "Theengine thus far described is of standard construction, s

lteierringnoavto the present invention, a snitahlegear 15 is secured totho left end of the crank shaft and is adapted to drive a horizon ally disposed counter shaft 16, suitably journaled' in the crank case of the en'g ine,ithronigh the. gear 17 The shaft 16 extends to adjacent the center of the crank case and through. suitable. beveled gears 1.8 and 1%), drives a vertical shaft 20 journaled in suitable bearings preferably disposed. between the twoiniddle cylinders of the engine. In the drawings, the gears 15', 17, 18 19 of such size and so positioned that Gil thevertical shaft QOwillirevolve in a counter- :1

clockwisedirection, as viewed inllig'. 1, once, while the crank shaft is revolting-four times. T he ratio of 'speed betweentlie crank sheft and the vertical shaft 20 will there fore be. four to one. The shaft 20 extends upumrdly through the cylinder casing and carries at its upperend; a dish 21 having a central hub seeuredto the upper endo'fshatt I 20 and having a peripheral vertically GY- tending'flange. in laying out the surface of the cam disk 21, as isillr rated -l-, the upper surface the d willpreferably divided into eight d3 ll jerent equal sectors oi approximately 415 each and these different sectors, reading in a ClOCliWlSG dii ti'on starting from the bottom of the disk, as shown in Figjei, may he ial eled Intake, Compression, Fire, Exhaust: liltake, Gomynression, Fire, Exhaust.

'l jhe respective intake,roinpression, lire and ally opposed to exhaus' sectors are (lian c each other. Each of the intake sectors have formed thereon or s'eciizred thereto, upstand-' intahe'cai'ns 22 radially ,zpaccd'equal distances from the center of the cam disk 21 and arcnatei arrange-n relative to the center of the d-i approximately 415. Eachot the exhaust sectorswill have formed thereon, secured thereto, upstanding enhaust cams 23 which and extending through an arc of,

equal to the radial spacing of the intake cams 22 from the center of the cam disk 21, and

' the said exhaust cams are arcuately arranged relative'to the center of the disk and extend through arcsof approximately 15. It

' is preferred-to utilize a cam disk 21, such as is illustrated, which carries on itssurface two int'ake cams and'two exhaust cams and whlch rotates at onefourth the speed of the crank shaft of the engine. However, for four cy-I cle engines, the cam disk 21 may be divided into sectors which are any desired'multiple of four, whereupon the speed of the disk relative to the speed of the crank shaft will be such 'thato'ne intake cam and one exhaust cam will pass a given point. once, while the crank shaft of the engine makes two complete revolutions. Both the intake and exhaust cai'ns will be provided with comparatively'steep'inclines at their ends and with substantially flat surfaces midway between their ends. The cams for four cycle engines will be'so spaced that'an exhaust cam Wlll preferably follow an intake cam three sectors "behind the same, as the disk 211s rotated. 1 Mounted on the top ofthe cylinders 1, 2, 3 and 41 and extending'upwardly sOme little distance therefrom, are aplurality of suitable brackets2 lshown as affording bearings for short shafts 25.

26 and an exhaustvalverockerarm27. 7 Other means for pivoting the rocker arms may be employed if desired. Each of the intake valve rocker arms 26 will. run; outwardly from its pivot point to a point immediately over the upper end of anintakewalve .11, while each of the exhaust valves 27 will runj outwardly from its pivot point immediately over theupper end ofone of the exhaust valves 12. Bolts 28, carrying lock nuts 29, are threaded into the outer ends of the ntake and exh'austrocker arms and prO ect downgage the upper endsof the intakeand exhaust valves.- It Wlll be seen that proper ad ust-' ment'can be made between the lower ends of v the bolts 28 and the upper ends of the exhaust and intake-valves by varying the length of extension of the bolts 28 from the lower sides of the outer ends of the rocker arms. The rocker arms 26 and 27 extend 'inwardly to points immediately over the cam disk 21 and have sockets formed thereon at theirinner 5 ends which carry nuttedbolts 30 having round heads projecting downwardly from the under sides of the sockets for engagement with the' cams 22'and The innerends'of all of the intake valve rocker arms 26 will extend to points above the cam diskiminediately over thepath 'whichthe intake earns 22 will take during their travel, as the disk J ournaled on each of the shafts 25'isan intake valve rocker arm 7 'conditions of the wardl'y therefrom to. engage or almost e'nfor cylinder 1.

27 downwardly to within ashort distance fromthe top surface ofthe disk 21, so'that a'sthe disk is rotated, theintak'e cams 22 will strike bolt heads 30 on the intake valve rocker arms 26 to rock the same and the exhaust cams 23-will strike the bolt heads 30 on the,

inner ends of the exhaust rocker arms 2? to rock thesame. As the disk 21 revolves, therefore the outer ends ofthe rocker arms will be depressed to depress thevarious valves 11 and 12 from their seatsin the cages 10. The pivot point about'whichthe rocker arms 26 and 2'T 'ma y turn is so spaced relatiye to the ends of the. various rocker arms that as the various rocker arms strike the cams 22 and 23, their, outer ends will move exactly the same distances relative to each other to open valvesll and 12 equal distances. In thedrawingsythe various shafts 25 are illustrated as being so positioned: that opposing ends of the :respective rocker arms 26 and '27-mounted'th'ereon will be spaced from the axial center of the shafts 25 equalradial dis tances to cause the outer ends of the rocker arms to move the same distances as the inner ends thereof, when actuated by the cams. ,7

WVhere the'cams 22and 23 are disposed as illustrated in the drawings, the inner ends of the rockerarms26-and 27 foreach cylinder will be so disposed relative to thejc'enter of the disk 21that the centers/of the round hea d s of bolts 30, situated in therockeuarms will liein the same, radius from the center of the disk 21. The innerendsofthe intake and exhaustrocker arms for each-cylinder Will bG circumferentially spaced as totheir position over the disk '21 to suitthe various. timing particular "engine whereon used. lVVhere'the firing orderofthecylindersl of the'en'gineis 1, 1, 2, 3, as in the en gine illus- I trated in the'drawings', the inner ends of the rockerarmsfor cylinder 2'will preferably be setat approximately 90' bel1ind the position of the inner endsof the rocker arms for cylinder-1, so thatwhen the rocker arms for cylinderl are-disposed, asishown, over an intake sector of disk 21, the rocker arms for cylinder 2 will be disposed over a fire sector. The in ner'ends of the rocker arms for cylinder 8 will preferably be setat approximately 225 behind the position of rocker arms for cylinder 1 and the inner ends of the rocker arms for cylinder 4 will preferably be set at approximately 315 behind the" the inner ends of the position of the inner ends of the rocker arms foricyli'nder 1, so that when the rocker arms are disposed, as shown, over rotary: disk, means for rotating said disk, an

intake cam on the face of said-disk, an ex-' haust cam on the face of said disk'disposed' at a difierentradial distance from the center of said disk than said intake cam, intake valve rocker arms suitably mountedand so k disposed relative to said disk that said intake cam Will strike the same to rock the arms as the diskis rotated, the intake valve rocker arms for the various cylinders being disposed circumferentially of thecdisk at multiples of 15 from each other, exhaust'rocker arms various cylinders being disposed circumfersuitably mounted and so disposed relative to the diskthat-said exhaust'cam' Will'strike the same to rock the arms as the disk is rotated, the exhaust valve'rocker arms for the entially of the disk atmultiples of from each other, and. said exhaust'cams being so tiveto said intake-cams that the exhaust'valve.

disposed ci'rcumferentially of the disk relal rocker arm. of each cylinder Will be rocked by the exhaust cam ai'ter'the cylinder has taken three strokes after the intake rockerv arm of thesame cylinder hasbeen rocked by the intake cam; f

I 2. A valve lifting and ma device for internal combustion engines having a P1111 rality of cyllnders and an intake and an exhaust valve for each cylinder," comprising a rotary disk, a plurality of lntakecams mounted on said disk in symmetrical arrangement I relative to the center of the disk, a plurality of exhaust cams mounted on said disk in symmetrical arrangement relative to the center of the disk, said exhaust cams being placed at different radial distances from. the center ofsaid. disk than said intake cams, an intake valve rocker arm for each cylinder having one end so disposed relative to said disk that. said intake camsvvill strike the same during" rotationof the disk to ro ck'the arm, an ex h'aust rocker" arm for each cylinder. having one end so disposed relative to the disk that said exhaust cam will strike the same to rock the armas the'disk is rotated, the intake and I exhaust rocker arms for each cylinder being so disposed relative to each-other that the f intake cams will strike the'intake rocker arms when the piston of'the particular cylinder is three strokes ahead of the point Where the exhaust cams will strike the exhaust rocker arm for the particular cylinder.

' -3.-"A four cycle'internal"combusti'onengine comprising a plurality of cylinders,an intake and exhaust valve for each cylinder, a disk,

meansfor 'rotating'said disk, said disk being divided into a plurality-of sectors which total in number multiples of four, an intake cam on every fourth sector, an exhaust cam on every fourth sector, said intake and exhaust cams being radially arranged relative to the center of said-disk and-beingradially spaced from eachother, asuitably journaled intake rocker 3 .arm for each intake valve, asu1tably'3our a cam,

naled exhaust rocker arm for each exhaust valve, saidrocker arms being respectively so disposed that said intake cams Will: strike said intake arms to rock the same, and said exhaust cams will strike said exhaust rocker arms to rock the same, as said disk is rotated, saidrocker arms beingso disposed circumferentially of said disk relative to each other 1 that "they Will operate to produce a desired timing of the engine, and the intake and exhaust rocker arms for each cylinder being so disposed relative to each otherthat an exhaust cam Will strikean exhaust rocker arm after the disk has rotated three sectors past a sector Where an intake cam has struckthe intake rocker arm for the same cylinder.

4-. A valve lifting and timing device fora-n internal combustion engine having a pluralitv of cylinders and an intake and an exhaust valve for each cylinder,c omprising a disk,

means for rotating said disk at one-fourth the speed of said engine, a pair of radially disposed intake cams mounted on said disk at diametrically opposite points, a pair oiradially disposed exhaust cams mounted on said disk at diametrically opposite points, said exhaust cams being radially spaced from said intake cams, a rocker arm for each intake valve suitably pivoted and adapted to be struck by said intake cams to rock the same as saiddisk is rotated, a rocker arm for each exhaust valve suitably pivoted and adapted to be struck by saidexhaust cam to rock the same as'said disk. is rotated,'the intake and exhaust valve rocker arms for each'cylinder being sospacedr-relative to each other that the exhaust valve rocker arm will be actuated after the piston of the cylinder has taken three strokes from thetime when the intake rocker arm of the same cylinder has been rocked;

5..-A valve lifting and timing device for a four cycle nternal combustlon engine having a plural ty of CylIIIdGIS and an intake and exhaust valve for eachcylinder, comprising a y rotary dlsk, means for rotatingsaid disk, an

exhaust cams respectively during rotation of said disk, so that the intake cams Will strike the intake rocker'arms and the exhaust cams will strike the-exhaust rocker arms, and means-for plvotally mounting, said intake and exhaust rocker armsover the intake and :exhaust Valves'of the various cylinders so that as SELld' rocker arms are struck by their respective cams, they Willrock-to. open said intake and exhaust valves the same distance.

16. Valve operating and timing mechanism for an internal combustion engine comprising a rotary disk mounted above the engine head, driving connections between said disk and the shaft of said engine for rotating said disk in synohronism with the rotation of said shaft, intake and exhaust valves for said engine, an exhaust cam on the upper surface of said disk and an intake cam also on the outer surface of said diskspaced at a different radial distance from the center of said disk than said exhaust cam, intake and exhaust valve rocker arms pivoted above the engine head, one end of each of said rocker arms being connected with one of said valves, the opposite end of each of said rocker arms contacting its appropriate cam and actuated thereby, and an elastic element associated with each of said valves to normally close the same and also yieldingly hold the opposite end of its rocker arm in a position to be engaged by its appropriate cam.

7. Valve operating and timing mechanism 5 for an internal combustion engine which has a plurality of cylinders and a longitudinally projectable intake and exhaust valve for each cylinder, comprising a rotary camming disk mounted above the engine head and rotatable on an axis extending substantially parallel with the longitudinal center lines of said valves, a circumferentially positioned exhaust cam on one surface of said disk, and a circumferentially positioned intake cam also on the outer surface ofsaid disk, intake and exhaust valve rocker arms pivoted above the engine head, one end of each of said rocker arms being connected with one of said valves, the opposite ends of said rocker arms contacting said cams and actuated thereby, and elastic elements associated with said valves to normally close the same and also yieldingly hold said rocker arms in position to be engaged by appropriate cams on said disk.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' FRED W. MARXEN. 

